The Message From The Financial Markets: Live To Fight Another Day
Notwithstanding excessive gyrations led by cycles of greed and fear, the financial markets are set up to reflect the future expectations and often provide a prediction of the times to come. Thus, interpretation of market moves becomes the key skill for market participants and the retail investor, most of whom are financially illiterate, is often flummoxed and misled by "advice" from sell side participants like brokerages, self proclaimed TV pundits, etc.
It would be premature to interpret the serious correction underway since Feb 1 as a "normal correction in a bull market" and follow the "buy at every dip" policy advocated in the popular media. This correction is fundamentally different due to a confluence of various factors.
First, the market is almost certainly pricing in a higher cost of capital globally as well as in India. This is precipitated domestically by an expansionary budget which would be inflationary due to higher MSPs, a higher fiscal deficit than planned due to overly aggressive revenue projections and uncertainty of oil prices. The wisdom of the RBI in not succumbing to the pressure of aggressively reducing interest rates earlier should now be obvious. Internationally, the US recovery and a new Fed chief indicate a faster than anticipated tightening this year. Factoring a higher cost of capital is a fundamental change in stance for risk capital and will need time to play out on what are highly leveraged equity markets worldwide.
Second, valuations - especially mid caps - bear no apparent correlation to the anticipated earnings growth and, unless results over the next two quarters improve substantially, it would be safe to say that valuations have peaked. Apart from core industries of cement and steel it is difficult to surmise where such valuations are justifiable in the immediate future.
Third, the upcoming elections in Karnataka and Rajasthan will induce huge uncertainty in the political scenario with the BJP's invincibility not being a given in at least these two states. If the 'Modi trade' starts unwinding to some degree the implications would be significant.
Fourthly, globally the scenario is murky and big shifts are underway. This is reflected in a weak dollar regime prompted by overt government policy, higher commodity prices, sharply rising yields and highly stretched technicals in the US markets. An indicator is that the S&P is 159 % above its long term ( 1871-2017) exponential regression trend line : In 1999, at the height of the internet bubble, it traded at 148%, 2008 and 1929 pre crash levels were at 85% and 74%. There has been no other time in history where such elevated levels did not foretell doomsday ! Furthermore, the key ratio of total market cap to GDP stood at 1.55 which is equal to the 1999 levels : the pre crash levels in 2008 was 1.18. Again, the second highest in history and much higher that the long term average of 0.75 !
Though the prices of oil have risen appreciably to pave the way for the Aramco offering, billed as the biggest IPO ever, the event itself will be an overhang on the markets. At an estimated $ 2T valuation, the 5% stake on offer will be $ 100 B, thereby eclipsing the biggest IPO till date of Alibaba at $25 B.
Volatility exchange traded products - the latest in financially engineered instruments conjured by my fraternity on Wall Street - are rumored to be the cause of the mega volatility witnessed on Wall Street lately ( 1600 points and 1200 points on two consecutive days at the time of writing this piece). Historically low volatility over the last few years transformed these instruments into a get rich quick asset class of massive proportions - quite like the mortgage backed securities leading to the last financial crisis in 2008. Though this will perhaps not lead to a broad collapse like in 2008, no one really knows the extent of the proliferation of such exotic derivatives especially structured notes which are not even traded on the exchanges and are sold to small investors. As recently as in Davos two weeks ago, Jes Staley, the CEO of Barclays, who were the first to sell products based on the VIX ( US volatility index ), warned against huge turmoil if volatility returned on Wall Street. The point is the set up is eerily similar to the first few months of the 2008 crisis much before the actual Lehmann Bros induced crash happened in October 2008.
The domestic economic scenario too seems very similar to 2002 - impaired ability of banks to extend credit, low corporate profits, high oil prices, lackluster investment activity - when PM Vajpayee launched the golden quadrilateral project. The difference, though, is both global and domestic markets were at cyclical lows and China was poised to lead a massive global investment cycle. Today, China is in no position to invest and both global and Indian markets are overheated due to sheer liquidity which is now set to taper off. Besides, the current NDA dispensation has already encashed on sky high expectations over the last few years and its many commendable structural reforms and public capital investment programs have been already discounted. So another "Ache Din" promotion will be as counter productive as the "India Shining" campaign.
The market set up is laced with too much uncertainty and headwinds across multiple vectors. In my opinion, therefore, retail investors would be well advised to wait till the next quarter to gauge the market and must not fall to the narrative of buying into this so called short term technical correction. At worst, there will be an opportunity loss if I am wrong. At best, they would remain financially solvent if I am right.
I leave the choice to the reader.
