India will invest billions of dollars in setting up industries - ranging from aluminum smelter to urea plants - in Iran's Chabahar free trade zone after it signed a pact to operate a strategic port on the Gulf nation's southern coast.
The inking of commercial contract to build and run the strategic port of Chabahar will help India gain a foothold in Iran and win access to Afghanistan, Russia and Europe, thus circumventing Pakistan, Road Transport, Highways and Shipping Minister Nitin Gadkari told PTI here.
"The distance between Kandla and the Chabahar port is less than the distance between New Delhi and Mumbai, and so what this agreement does is to enable us quick movement of goods first to Iran and then onwards to Afghanistan and Russia through a new rail and road link," he explained.
"Over Rs 1 lakh crore investment can happen in Chabahar free trade zone," he said.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrived in Tehran on Sunday on a two-day visit seeking to further cement Indo-Iranian ties and explore avenues to bolster trade in a big way in the wake of lifting of sanctions against Iran.
Iran, Gadkari said, has cheap natural gas and power that Indian firms are keen to tap to build a 0.5-million tonne aluminium smelter plant as well as urea manufacturing units.
"We spend Rs 45,000 crore annually on urea subsidy, and if we can manufacture it in the Chabahar free trade zone and move it through the port to Kandla and onward to hinterland, we can save that amount," he said.
Gadkari said Nalco will set up the aluminium smelter while private and co-operative fertiliser firms are keen to build urea plants provided they get gas at less than USD 2 per mmBtu.
Railway PSU IRCON will build a rail line at Chabahar to move goods right up to Afghanistan, he said.
Gadkari said India Ports Global Pvt, a joint venture of the Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust and the Kandla Port Trust, will invest USD 85 million in developing two container berths with a length of 640 metres and three multi cargo berths.
The Indian consortium has signed the port pact with Aria Banader Iranian.
"The contract is for 10 years and can be extended. We will take 18 months to complete phase one of the construction," he said, adding that first two years of the contract are grace period where India doesn't have to guarantee any cargo.
From the third year, India will guarantee 30,000 TEUs of cargo at the Chabahar port which will go up to 2,50,000 TEUs by the 10th year.
An initial pact to build the Chabahar port was first inked during the Atal Bihari Vajpayee's government in 2003, but the deal slipped through during subsequent years. It has been aggressively pushed in the past one year, leading to signing of the agreement for phase-1 today, Gadkari said.
'Historic Event'"This is a historic event which will herald in a new era of development. We can now go to Afghanistan and further to Russia and Europe without going through Pakistan," he said.
The Zaranj-Delaram road constructed by India in 2009 can give access to Afghanistan's Garland Highway, setting up road access to four major cities in Afghanistan - Herat, Kandahar, Kabul and Mazar-e-Sharif.
India is also reported to finance another road network inside Afghanistan to enable Iran to access as far as Tajikistan through a shorter route.
Chabahar is about 100 km from the Chinese-run Gwadar port in Pakistan, which is part of China's $46 billion plan to develop China-Pakistan Economic Corridor aimed at opening new trade and transport routes across Asia.
The Indian joint venture company will invest more than $85.2 million in development of the port. India's Exim Bank will provide a credit line of another $150 million.
India is blocked from land access to Afghanistan and through it to the central Asia countries because of opposition from Pakistan, which sees India's expansive diplomacy in the region as a threat.
India, Afghanistan and Iran separately signed an agreement to set up a trade and transport corridor, with Chabahar as the hub.
Road and rail links are being built so that the land-locked Afghanistan can get access to the Iranian port as an alternative to the Pakistani port of Karachi.
India will install equipment and operate two berths in the first phase of the Chabahar port with an investment of $85.2 million and annual revenue expenditure of $22.9 million on a 10-year lease, Gadkari said.
Western SanctionsThe Chabahar project moved slowly because of western sanctions against Iran. The sanctions were lifted in January and since then India has been pushing for conclusion of an agreement.
About a fifth of the oil consumed worldwide each day passes through the Strait of Hormuz, a shipping choke point that separates the Persian Gulf from the Gulf of Oman and Indian Ocean.
Gadkari also said India will build a 500-km railway between Chabahar and Zahedan which will connect Chabahar to Central Asia.
Chabahar port, located in the Sistan-Baluchistan Province on Iran's southern coast, is of great strategic utility for India. It lies outside the Persian Gulf and is easily accessed from India's western coast.
The port project will be the first overseas venture for an Indian state-owned port. The Jawaharlal Nehru port, India's biggest container port, holds a 60 per cent stake in Indian Ports Global while the Kandla port has the remaining 40 per cent.
(PTI)
