US President Joe Biden on Friday paused approvals for pending and future applications to export liquefied natural gas from new projects, a move cheered by climate activists that could delay decisions on new plants until after the 5 November election.
The Department of Energy (DOE) will conduct a review during the pause that will look at the economic and environmental impacts of projects seeking approval to export LNG to Europe and Asia where the fuel is in hot demand.
The review will take months and then will be open to public comment which will take more time, Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm told reporters in a teleconference.
Biden said in a statement: "During this period, we will take a hard look at the impacts of LNG exports on energy costs, America's energy security, and our environment."
He said the pause "sees the climate crisis for what it is: the existential threat of our time."
Administration officials vowed that the pause would not hurt allies, saying the plan will come with exemptions for national security should they need more LNG.
"We are committed to strengthening energy security here in the US and with our allies," Granholm said.
Companies and countries in Europe rely on steady supplies of US LNG as the region tries to wean itself off pipelined gas from Russia after its 2022 invasion of Ukraine. US allies in Asia also covet LNG as they seek to slow coal consumption.
A spokesperson for the European Commission, noting the exemption for national security emergencies, told Reuters, "This pause will not have any short- to medium-term impacts on the EU's security of supply."
The last review of LNG export projects was in 2018 when export capacity was 4 billion cubic feet per day. That capacity has tripled, with the United States becoming the world's top LNG exporter last year, and is set to shoot higher by 2030 with projects under construction.
The growth has set off protests from environmentalists and youth groups, part of Biden's base. Activists say new LNG projects can harm local communities with pollution, lock in global reliance on fossil fuels for decades and lead to emissions from burning gas and leaks of the powerful greenhouse gas methane.
Environmentalists hailed the move as a bold step. A sit-in demonstration planned at the DOE next month has been cancelled.
"This is a milestone," said Roishetta Ozane, founder and director of the Vessel Project of Louisiana and a leading voice in the opposition to the LNG buildout who said her family's health is affected by these terminals. "It sets the stage for potential rejections and slows down the progress of these projects."
Michelle Weindling, political director of the youth-based Sunrise Movement, praised the move and said it would help the president get support from young voters, who are crucial to Biden's election prospects in 2024.
"Young people are the largest voting bloc in this country and they vote for the issues that they care about," she said. "It needs to be seen that leaders are leading boldly and unapologetically to solve this crisis."
Swaths of US industry, ranging from chemicals, steel, food and agriculture, also oppose unrestricted exports of US gas, saying it raises risks for fuel prices and reliability.
Only four projects with export approvals pending at the DOE would be affected by the pause, an administration official said without naming them. The projects could include ones by Sempra Infrastructure, Commonwealth LNG and Energy Transfer, the DOE's website showed.
Sempra is confident its projects would help displace more carbon-intense fossil fuels, including coal and provide gas to allies, a spokesperson said. The other companies did not immediately respond to requests for comment.