Major Commitments On Food, Agriculture, And Water Day At COP28 Drive Climate Action For 1.5°C Goal

COP28's Food, Agriculture and Water Day saw major declarations on climate action for both water and food security and decarbonisation, as countries demonstrated their commitment to implement the COP28 UAE Declaration on Sustainable Agriculture, Resilient Food Systems, and Climate Action (the Declaration).

 "To achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement, to keep 1.5C within reach, we must address the connection between global food systems, agriculture, and the climate. At COP28, we have built the foundations for action, which commit 152 countries to transform their food systems, and embedding those commitments in their climate strategies, all the while ensuring they are protecting the livelihoods of those who depend on those sectors. Together, we must build a global food system that is fit for the future. Today marks an important moment in achieving this," said Mariam Bint Mohammed Almheiri, UAE Minister of Climate Change and Environment and COP28 Food Systems Lead.

COP28's Food, Agriculture and Water Day closed the Presidency's two-week thematic programme. The declarations made during the day follow those made during the World Climate Action Summit (WCAS) on 1 December, when 134 countries endorsed the Declaration. Since then, 18 additional countries have stepped forward to endorse it, bringing total signatories to 152.

Reflecting the COP28 UAE's Presidency's commitment to inclusion, the COP28 Food, Agriculture and Water Day involved various non-government stakeholders, who were invited to share their perspectives and insights.

This included smallholder and traditional farmers, fishers, and communities who work at the frontline of food system transformation and employ sustainable practices like agroecology, agroforestry, organic farming, paludiculture and local freshwater management, among others. Private sector leaders also showcased their work in food innovation, nature-positivity, and procurement.

Key information conveyed on food systems transformation during Food, Agriculture and Water Day included:

- The Agriculture Innovation Mission for Climate (AIM4Climate)

The Agriculture Innovation Mission for Climate (AIM4Climate) introduced an increased USD 3.4 billion in aggregated funding for climate-smart food systems and agriculture, as well as 27 innovation sprints. Brought forth by the UAE and the US at COP26, AIM4Climate has evolved into the largest advocacy and coordination platform for increased investment in dual climate-food investment.

- Philanthropic funders reveal that USD 389 million is provided to support food producers and consumers

The funding will help to drive the ambitious implementation of the objectives that leaders agreed on in the Declaration.

- Technical Cooperation Collaborative (TCC)

Building on a USD 200 million commitment from the COP28 Presidency and a group of international organisations and governments to support the TCC, Italy pledged a further commitment of up to 10 million Euro to be made available over the next two years, and the United Kingdom said a new commitment of GBP45 million over the next five years which will be channelled through the World Bank's Food Systems 2030 Trust Fund.

Commenting on the TCC, Manuel Otero, Director-General of the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), said, "This is the right response to the multiple crises we face. The greater the crises, the deeper and more effective the cooperation must be. From the Americas, we also affirm that because of the volume of production and participation in global trade, the agrifood systems of our continent guarantee the world's food and nutritional security.”

He added that the agrifood systems were not considered failed, but there was room for improvement. He emphasised that their transformation must be guided by three principles: placing farmers at the centre of efforts, making decisions based on science, and ensuring that agriculture plays a key role in climate solutions.

"African leaders have come to COP28 ready to lead on food systems and climate action, as the impact of climate change is already being felt in countries across the continent. This collaboration will help respond to the priorities our African leaders brought forward in the African Climate Summit and Africa Food Systems Forum. The need is so great that we must best leverage our combined resources and learn from each other to come through on the bold vision of the COP28 UAE Declaration on Agriculture and Food,” said Agnes Kalibata, President of AGRA and member of the COP28 Advisory Committee.

Call to Action for Transforming Food Systems for People, Nature, and Climate

Razan Al Mubarak, UN High-Level Champion for COP28 said that over 200 diverse non-state actors – including farmers, cities, businesses, financial institutions, civil society and philanthropies – have signed the 'Call to Action for Transforming Food Systems for People, Nature, and Climate', a complement to the Declaration. Signatories have committed to take ten priority actions to transform food systems. They have also united to call for a set of time-bound, holistic, and global targets by COP29 at the latest, and included commitments to respect and value the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples.

Convergence Initiative on Food Systems and Climate

The UN Deputy Secretary-General, Amina Mohammed, introduced a Convergence Initiative on Food Systems and Climate, which will support countries in their efforts to integrate agriculture and food systems into their climate action plans and help drive momentum towards the objectives of the Declaration. The initiative is supported by the UN Food Systems Coordination Hub in strategic partnership with the COP28 UAE Presidency.

Agrifood Sharm-El Sheikh Support Program

The COP28 UAE Presidency, FAO, the World Bank, CGIAR and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) said the creation of the Agrifood Sharm-El Sheikh Support Program, a three-year program to facilitate dialogue and knowledge-sharing amongst global and regional policymakers. The program aims to drive consensus within the UNFCCC process and ultimately enable countries and regions to unlock finance and support for farmers, food producers, small agribusinesses and local communities.

Commenting on the creation of the Agrifood Sharm-El Sheikh Support Program, Ismahane Elouafi, Executive Managing Director, CGIAR, said, "If we act urgently to transform our agrifood systems through the adoption of proven technologies and innovations, we can end hunger for all and grow prosperity within safe planetary boundaries. By pooling our efforts, we can support countries, namely in the global south, to develop and implement their national pathways based on science and evidence. Together, with science, we can."

COP28 Food-Agri-Climate National Action Toolkit for National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)

A task force comprised of the FAO, WWF, the NDC Partnership, Climate Focus and the Global Alliance for the Future of Food introduced the 'COP28 Food-Agri-Climate National Action Toolkit for National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)'. Created in collaboration with the German government, the toolkit will provide guiding principles for governments to enhance their climate policy frameworks and represent a vital resource for countries as they implement the Declaration.

Alliance of Champions for Food Systems Transformation (ACF)

A new coalition was formed by Brazil, Cambodia, Norway and Sierra Leone aimed at helping reorient policies, practices and investment priorities to deliver better food system outcomes for people, nature and climate. Each country that has formed the ACF pledged to improve their national food systems and build on the progress of the Declaration.

Key water-focused outcomes of the Food, Agriculture and Water Day included:

The COP28 UAE Presidency and Ministers from more than 25 countries convened the first-ever COP ministerial dialogue on building water-resilient food systems, co-convened by the UAE and Brazil. A two-year partnership was also introduced under the UNFCCC to assist countries with integrating water and food into their NDCs and NAP, targeting COP30, noting that agriculture accounts for 70 per cent of freshwater consumption.

- Water and Climate-resilient Infrastructure Investment Strategy

USD 100 million was provided by Water Equity, raised as part of their Water and Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Investment Strategy.

This will seek to leverage impact investments in climate-resilient water infrastructure to enhance the coping capacity for the most vulnerable communities at the urban water system and watershed levels in emerging markets in South and Southeast Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America.

- Urban Water Catalyst Initiative (UWCI)

Germany and the Netherlands, together with the EU and other international partners, revealed the intention to establish the Urban Water Catalyst Initiative (UWCI) at the UN 2023 Water Conference. The UWCI focuses on accelerating urban water utility turnarounds worldwide and mobilising finance for performance improvement, climate-resilient infrastructure investment and improving access to underserved population groups.

At COP28, 42 million euros in funding was provided for the UWCI, including 32 million euros from the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and EUR10 million from the Netherlands' Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

- Freshwater Challenge

The COP28 UAE Presidency and partners informed more than new 30 country members of the Freshwater Challenge, which commits members to work to protect and restore 30 per cent of the Earth's degraded freshwater ecosystems by 2030. During the Food, Agriculture and Water Day ministerial, members also committed to progress reviews at the upcoming One Water Summit and Ramsar COP.

The declarations today on water build on outcomes from the World Climate Action Summit. The UAE pledged USD 150 million in funding for innovation to address water scarcity, and eight Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) said that they will double the number of people benefitting annually from their technical and financial support on water within three years.

The COP28 Water Agenda is anchored in its partnership with the Netherlands and Tajikistan. It aims to implement the outcomes of the UN 2023 Water Conference.

Commenting on the COP28 Water Agenda and Freshwater Challenge, Stuart Orr, WWF Freshwater Lead, said, "The climate crisis is a water crisis and the COP28 Presidency has ensured that water is higher up the agenda than ever before. We urgently need to protect and restore our rivers, lakes and wetlands, which are central to mitigation and adaptation."